Language Files 9

File 3.6 Exercises

1. [d] [g]  [ð] [b] [r] [o] [z] [i] [m] [v] [w] [I]

2.   a) [t∫]                                       h) [i]

      b) [ŋ]                                       i)  [)]

c) [h]                                       j)  [ε]

d) [v]                                       k) [a]

e) [ð]

f) [3]

g) [l]

3.   a) voiceless labiodental fricative

b) voiced alveolar fricative

c) voiced alveolar nasal

d) voiced velar nasal

e) voiceless palatal fricative

f) voiced retroflex liquid

g) voiced palatal fricative

h) voiceless palatal affricate

i) voiced velar stop

j) voiceless glottal stop

4.   a) High, Front, Unrounded, Lax

b) Mid, Central, Unrounded, Lax

c) Mid, Front, Unrounded, Lax

d) High, Back, Rounded, Tense

e) Low, Front, Unrounded, Lax

f) High, Back, Rounded, Lax

5.   a) slope                        o) fudge                       cc) thank

      b) beauty                      p) kite                         dd) shock

      c) sail/sale                    q) crowd                      ee) firm

      d) warm                       r) rot                            ff) pride

      e) root                         s) coral                         gg) tough

      f) leisure                       t) rich                           hh) grace

      g) searched                  u) pizza                         ii) survey

      h) crude                       v) action                       jj) look

      i) ridge                         w) sunny                       ll) bang

j) reach                        x) shoelace                   mm) Asia

k) pain                         y) crawled                    nn) box

l) Wednesday               z) point

m) conscious                aa) clothe

n) thousand                  bb) wrote

6.   a) [tLt∫]                       u) [mLŋki]                               oo) [ken]

b) [wUmən]                 v) [hjuX]                                pp) [sεd]

c) [wImIn]                   w) [k )f]                                 qq) [lεrIŋks] or [lærIŋks]

d) [flLd]                       x) [bæt∫]                                 rr) [lLv]

e) [ræpt]                      y) [wel]                                   ss) [son]

f) [prez]                       z) [izi]                                      tt) [krInX]

g) [brud]                      aa) [aUr]                                  uu) [pU∫t]

h) [gul]                         bb) [kartņ] or [kartən]             vv) [Izņt] or [Izənt]

i) [t)rt∫]                        cc) [ðo]                                  ww) [rIðm] or [rIðəm]

j) [stUd]                       dd) [sŗkəs] or [sərkəs]             xx) [Xænjuεri]

k) [muv]                      ee) [lεðər] or [lεðŗ]                  yy) [mLðər] or [mLðŗ]

l) [brið]                        ff) [gadzIlə]                              zz) [pjur]

m) [brεθ]                     gg) [ræzbεri]                           aaa) [fεbjuεri]

n) [luz]                         hh) [slaIli]                                bbb) [bæθtLb]

o) [lus]                         ii) [kævz]                                ccc) [junjən]

p) [pLnt∫t]                    jj) [wov]                                 ddd) [hUdləm]

q) [læðər] or [læðŗ]      kk) [mLstæ∫]                          eee) [aIsi]

r) [kaIro]                      ll) [kærət] or [kεrət]                fff) [XəlaI]

s) [vI3ən]                     mm) [t∫aIld]                             ggg) [kUkiz]

t) [praIs]                      nn) [∫Ugər] or [∫Ugŗ]                 hhh) [)gəst] or [agəst]

7.   shut     [∫Lt]                 follow              [falo]

swift    [swIft]              trod                 [trad] √           

left       [lεft] √             theme              [θim]

child    [t∫aIld]             voice               [v )Is]

rang     [ræŋ]               health              [hεlθ]  √

8.   a) Dubbs asked his brother what it was like in the other world and his brother said it was not unlike    Cleveland.

b) Eternal nothingness is okay as long as you’re dressed for it.

c) If you are sixteen or under, try not to go bald

d) And soon, Job’s pastures dried up and his tongue cleaved to the roof of his mouth so he could not pronounce the word.

e) Money is not everything but it is better than having one’s health.

f) The grasshopper played all summer while the ant worked and saved. When winter came, the grasshopper had nothing, but the ant complained of chest pains.

g) The sapphire was originally owned by the sultan who died under mysterious circumstances when a hand reached out of a bowl of soup he was eating and strangled him.

h) The great Roe is a mythical beast with the head of a lion and the body of lion, but not the same lion.